Everything you wanted to know about \"Memento\"
As with the usual series of expensive summer blockbusters, with its unpredictable business victories (
\"Mummy is back \")
Disappointed (\"Pearl Harbor\")
For fans, a classic sleeper can still find space in a market full of bloated luxury cultivated by Gray, which should be exciting --
Gray.
A quick spiritual choiceme-
Okay, think about it: Monday, per-
Screen average for writer/director Christopher Nolan\'s \"Souvenir\"-
Challenging Art
House noir sells for $5 million and is released by a novice dealer after no other company will touch it ---
$2 less than each.
The average screen of the mediocre \"Pearl Harbor\" for $0. 2 billion, its luxurious banner-
The cost of the packaged premiere may be roughly the same as the entire budget of the \"souvenir.
Pearl Harbor plays on more screens and of course makes more money, but every time
The overall enthusiasm of the audience for a movie, the average screen is a good indicator.
Pearl Harbor also dropped rapidly in the fifth week of its release, while memorabilia still hangs there in 15 weeks.
More importantly, one film represents the triumph of writing, directing, and acting, while the other represents money, hype, and. . . and . . . more money.
In a few weeks, there is little chance that \"souvenirs\" may get more in the form of an absolute dollar (Instead of pressingscreen dollars)
Than \"Pearl Harbor\", though full of great power
Bragging about Disney\'s propaganda machine is enough to give you a giggle.
Why \"souvenir\" has been going on for so long in the most competitive season of the year, word of mouth is amazing. After three-
A few months after the film was released, it even entered the top 10
The movie, which grossed a lot last month, has been comfortably below the top 10 since then.
There is no doubt that this is a movie that encourages repeat operations: that is, its puzzles are so interesting that it is so difficult to understand at the first viewing, that if fans want to figure out exactly what is going on, they almost had to go back and watch it for the second time.
\"Souvenirs\" are like \"sixth sense\" and \"usual suspects\" because almost every scene will have a different meaning once you know where the movie is going.
Or it should be \"the place of the movie\", unlike \"sixth sense\" and \"usual suspect \"---
In fact, unlike almost all other famous \"jigsaw puzzles\" in film history ---
It is impossible to solve the mystery of \"souvenir\" by explaining the sentence in a simple declarative way.
Its riddles are entangled in a dazzling array of ways: by an elegant but intelligent person --
Knot structure;
Part of the film by a very unreliable narrator;
A post-modern self
Unlike most examples of form emptiness, this allegation thoroughly emphasizes the film\'s thought-provoking thematic meditation on memory, knowledge, and sadness;
Through some red herring and misleading clues that seem to be intended to distract the audience, or suggest a deeper second-level puzzle at work ---
On the other hand, it may just show that in some ways the director can chew more than he can.
All notices about the film tell us that the story is told in the opposite order.
We heard about Leonard played by Guy Pierce. \"L. A. Confidential\")
, Killed his wife\'s murderer in the first scene of the movie, and then the movie moved backwards from that point, about five-
Minute increments, let\'s see how he tracks the person and starts to end in chronological order of the story.
It turned out to be a substantial over-simplification of the structure of the film ---
Once you watch the movie carefully, it\'s just one of the surprises.
Some people think the film is daunting, and some critics criticize it.
They have the right to make their point, but many negative comments make it clear that critics do not fully understand what Nolan is doing.
However, it is heartening that most critics of the country\'s major newspapers understand that there is a huge idea behind the film, both technically and on the subject.
Nevertheless, given the way the film industry works, critics usually have only one chance to see the film and have to rush to review it before the deadline, so, even many positive reviews cannot begin to paint the depth of the film.
In the online community, however, commentators and fans discuss the structure and significance of \"souvenirs.
I think I will take the time to understand some of its mysteries.
I\'m going to try and peel off some of the layers of the movie with a thorn.
Here is an explanation for those who have seen the film. -
Please be careful if you haven\'t seen it yet, as I will discuss the plot and its implications in detail.
Not everyone wants to go as far as I do. -
Four theatrical performances, three of which have rich notes;
For the fifth viewing on the video tape, there are a lot of back and forth whip whipping to check the difference between the \"repeat\" lens and the slo
Pay attention to speed-
Cut off the subconscious moment;
Read the published script and compare it with the film;
Read the short story \"souvenir of Sen\" written by Nolan\'s brother Jonathan and is considered to be the source of the film;
And travel several times through www. otnemem.
The official website of the film is also the site of Jonathan Nolan.
Most importantly, I thank all the people who posted ideas about \"souvenirs\" at the well field Film Conference-
You know, \"See www for America\'s leading online community. well. com\" --
A group of passionate, controversial, talented, stubborn and articulate fans have opened up some movies for me more than once that I didn\'t get at all. ------------
As I mentioned above, it is actually superficial to assert that \"souvenir\" is a backward story ---
Even misleading.
In fact, Nolan did something more complicated and smarter than that.
Leonard\'s shocking opening credit sequence for killing a corrupt police officer named Teddy (
Joe Pantoliano, a ubiquitous master of vulgar characters, played lafyer in the underworld family this year)
, Is the only scene to look backwards: inside, we saw a picture of Polaroid not being developed, a bullet flew back to the barrel, and Teddy briefly recovered his life after the shot.
This colorful scene is followed by a black one --and-
We saw Leonard in an anonymous motel room and explained his situation in a voice --over.
The next scene, back in color, found Leonard meeting teddy at his motel, then went to an abandoned building, and then we saw Leonard shooting at Teddy again. (
More disturbing this time. )
Then the movie started, black alternateand-
Sequence of white and color.
The main narrative of the story is backward, colorful.
We stumble in increments and encounter \"new\" characters ---Teddy;
Natalie, classic black Moore
Her boyfriend, Jimmy.
A drug dealer named Dodd. -
Each scene takes a step back, putting the previous scene in context is a little better, and provides a lot of shock, jokes and horror on the way forward.
Between the two, we saw Leonard back in his hotel room, black and white, talking on the phone, telling a strange parallel story.
Here\'s what we found when we went: Leonard Shelby (Pearce)
Former insurance investigator.
In his previous life, one night the intruder raped and killed his wife.
He killed one of them, but the other hit his head and ran away.
The injury caused him to suffer from a disease called forward amnesia, which means that he cannot create new long-term memories. term memories.
Leonard remembers everything before the accident because of his old man
The semester memory is still complete;
But his current attention lasted about 15 minutes.
Even less when he feels stressed or distracted)
Under no circumstances can these memories be permanently implanted into his brain.
Because he could not understand the passage of time, his wife\'s death was always fresh to him;
So he was determined with passion to find the rest of the invaders and kill him.
He reminded himself what he was doing with a series of notes, a pocket of Polaroid snapshots and useful information written above (
Very important things)tattoos.
We see that he has found some clues about the identity of the murderer, and each one has been burned to him.
The killer\'s name is John or James, and his last name begins with \"G.
\"He\'s a drug dealer;
Leonard even got the killer\'s license. plate number.
When the movie leans back, we see how and where he collects the puzzle.
At the same time, black-and-
The white scene was arranged in order and he found Leonard on the phone in the hotel room.
In these sequences, Leonard tells a parallel story that shows us the story with a visual \"flashback.
\"Leonard, as an insurance investigator, had a strange case: a man named Sammy Yankee, who had an accident that eventually led to, yes, amnesia
Leonard investigated and ruthlessly denied the man\'s medical claim on the grounds that it was a mental problem, not a physical one.
But Sammy\'s wife can\'t deal with the issue: she doesn\'t quite understand Leonard\'s ruling and thinks it means Sammy is pretending in a sense.
She has diabetes and Sammy\'s job is to give her insulin injections.
So she took advantage of Sammy\'s memory problem and knew that her husband loved her and would not do anything to hurt her, and she asked him to give her three or four insulin injections quickly in a row.
In doing so, when she fell into an irreparable coma, she was satisfied that she had proved to herself that his condition had to be true.
But it is important to remember that this gothic black is mainly transmitted to us by sound.
It\'s over, short black. and-
White scenes arranged in chronological order alternate with more vibrant and confusing main backward story lines, which are told in color.
The first of the movie\'s cosmic jokes is revealed in the final color scene (
Of course, this is the first scene of the colorful story).
We saw Leonard kill Jimmy. we knew he was Natalie\'s boyfriend.
Leonard thinks he killed the man who killed his wife.
But Teddy seems to express something that we just started to understand: Leonard has found the killer who killed his wife: he just doesn\'t remember.
This is one of the delicious ironies of \"souvenir\", and we have seen that Leonard\'s completed revenge murder is different from what Teddy said, but the end result is the same: Let\'s suddenly realize Leonard\'s bloody condition.
Teddy even showed Leonard a picture of Leonard\'s Polaroid, bloody, but very happy, proudly pointing to an empty, tattoo-free place on his chest, as far as we know, he wanted to make a mark on the news that he would avenge his wife\'s death.
Teddy said he took the picture afterwards to prove to Leonard that he had fulfilled the revenge he wanted.
Teddy explained to Leonard that prior to that, he manipulated Leonard to kill Jimmy, and there might be a few other nasty bottom feeders like that.
He said something to the effect of \"giving you something to live \";
Of course, Teddy also has to admit that his own motives have something to do with the $200,000 drug money he has hidden in Jimmy\'s Jaguar trunk.
Leonard was angry and Teddy was apparently upset by his lack of memory, and he hit him hard with some uncomfortable facts: Teddy told Leonard that Leonard\'s wife was not even dead.
She survived the attack.
Leonard himself killed her with an insulin injection.
Sammy jankis\'s business is a fantasy blend of true stories with events in Leonard\'s own marriage that are so terrible and guilty --
Causing Leonard to have to project them onto someone else. -
Poor, unlucky Sammy jankis.
This amazing scene solves part of the movie puzzle at the same time, but creates a new scene in its location.
First of all, we know that Nolan subverts the conventions of black films in which a flawed hero tries to find some degree of justice in an unjust world.
Leonard suddenly became an ordinary man in a potential infinite purgatory, blindly trying to retaliate against the act of revenge, and finding himself manipulated over and over again, those who use the excellent configuration of Avengers for their own purposes. (
Along the way, it was suggested that even Teddy\'s death could be the masterpiece of another manipulator, and some suggested that Natalie might be the perpetrator. )
Nolan lets enjoy this revelation for a minute before we release another cosmic joke.
After Leonard learned this, it was difficult to deal with it.
He knows he doesn\'t remember what Teddy told him.
So he took out his gun and deluded himself into thinking he had never used it.
He burned his bloody and proud photo.
He took out Teddy\'s Polaroid and wrote on it: \"Don\'t believe his lies \";
He copied Teddy\'s license. plate number.
He drove to get his number tattooed on his leg as a clue to help him find the murderer later.
In fact, he turned himself into a time bomb, ready to leave at some point in the future, when he could not fully appreciate it, and he will eventually \"solve\" his wife\'s murder again, and retaliate against Teddy.
In the end, the right of the \"souvenir\" itself, the aggrieved person will get revenge in a corrupt way, which is the only way to achieve justice in a corrupt world. Right Perhaps. ------------
Once you see \"souvenirs\" a few times, you will find the evil plan that Nolan has built.
I think it works like this.
If we give letters to the back-to-back color scenes and numbers of monochrome scenes, then Nolan\'s gift to us is: Credits, 1, V, 2, U, 3, T 4, S, 5, R, 6, Q. .
All the way to 20, C, 21, B, and finally, I\'m going to call a scene of 22/a for the reason I\'m going to explain in a minute.
The most beautiful one here is the black one. and-
The last shot of the film-White scene 22, almost unconsciously caught in color, in an almost dazzling intellectual cycle, became (in real-world order)
Scene A, the first color scene: then as A link to the black forwardand-
White material and color material displayed on the back.
What\'s more neat is that when Nolan shoots like this, few viewers notice switching: Leonard enters the dark building;
After the crucial action, he took a Polaroid.
When he shakes the picture, the color image of Polaroid fades and the color of the whole scene fades.
So if you want to look at the story in chronological order and not in the disconnected way Nolan presents it ---
Oh, would it be fun to do this on DVD! --
You will look black. and-
White scenes in the same order (1 to 21)
The back is black-and-
White/color transition scene (22/A).
Then you have to watch the remaining color scenes in the opposite order, from B to V, complete the credit sequence at the beginning, in this sequence, we saw Teddy meet him in Leonard\'s hands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22/A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H I, j, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V
Read the movie this way, here\'s what\'s really happening
World Chronology.
While things seem confusing when you first watch a movie, Nolan has been very careful to make sure everything in the main part of the movie when reassembling ---
Everyone\'s behavior and motivation-
Very reasonable.
Leonard has been sitting in Room 21 at the discount hotel, checking police files to try to find the murderer who killed his wife.
He is on the phone to explain his situation to someone on the phone.
He tells the story of Sammy jankis.
Then he got paranoid and hung up.
But the man on the phone was very persistent and even stuffed a note under his door.
The motel clerk finally told him that there was a man in the hall and a policeman was waiting for him.
Lunnade breathed a sigh of relief and went out to meet him. It\'s Teddy.
We now understand that this is a routine that Teddy has experienced many times with Leonard before.
Teddy is planning to get Leonard to kill local drug dealer Jimmy Grange.
He gave Leonard the address of an abandoned building where Teddy claimed Jimmy was the murderer Leonard was looking for and he would be there.
Leonard was wearing blue jeans and driving a pickup truck. a few minutes later, Teddy drove away.
Leonard killed Jimmy in the building.
He changed into Jimmy\'s clothes and took the car keys.
Teddy came and poured water on Leonard\'s victory: he told him that you had found the murderer who killed your wife;
You just forgot.
There are no people like Sammy jankis.
Teddy told him frankly that Leonard was a neuropathy.
Teddy wants the $200,000 he knows in Jimmy\'s trunk. The pissed-
Leonard decided to manipulate himself to make Teddy his next suspect;
He wrote himself a note with Teddy\'s license on it.
The license plate number of his wife\'s murderer.
Leonard drove to the nearest tattoo shop and tattooed his number on his thigh.
Teddy followed him and tried to get Jimmy\'s car keys from him. (
He wants the 200 in the trunk. )
Leonard slipped away in Jimmy\'s line.
So far, he doesn\'t know when and where the clothes were bought, and where the beautiful car was bought.
But he found a note in Jimmy\'s pocket, assuming it was for him, and he would meet Jimmy\'s girlfriend Natalie (Carrie-Anne Moss).
Natalie saw the car stop and was surprised to find that the driver was not Jimmy.
Leonard walked into the bar.
Natalie heard that someone like Leonard was hanging out nearby.
After testing his disability in an unpleasant way, she persuaded him and took him to her house.
Natalie came back after he watched TV for hours and checked his notes.
She secretly hid all the pens and pencils in the room and then began to insult Leonard and provoke him until he hit her.
When Leonard struggled to figure out how to write herself a note about what had just happened, Natalie walked outside and sat in the car giggling.
A few minutes later, she slammed the door, removed Leonard\'s attention from the track, then went back in, crying about how someone called Dodd beat her.
Moved, Leonard agreed to defend her.
She wrote a Dodd description for him.
He got in the car to chase Dodd, but immediately distracted: Teddy was waiting for him in the car.
Teddy told him not to trust Natalie and advised him to stay somewhere else.
He recommended this discount hotel.
Leonard has now forgotten Dodd\'s business, and more interestingly, he has also forgotten that he has checked in at the discount store in Room 21.
Friendly and greedy front desk clerk Bert was also happy to rent room 304 to him.
Leonard opened a shop at 304 and called an escort service to a prostitute.
He asked her to try again.
The scene began the night he and his wife were attacked.
He put her out and drove to a shabby construction site where he pondered over his marriage and burned some of his wife\'s belongings.
He stayed there all night.
When Jimmy left the construction site in the morning, his car was discovered by Dodd. -
It\'s Jimmy\'s drug dealer.
Want to know about Jimmy--
The money on him-
Dodd gave chase.
Leonard slipped away and went to the motel in Dodd. -
Natalie gave him the address. -
Waiting for Dodd to come.
But he forgot where he was and why, assuming it was his own motel room.
When Dodd appeared, Leonard mistaken him for an intruder, beat him up and threw him into the closet.
He made desperate calls to the only number he could find. -Teddy\'s.
Teddy came over and they sent the package to Dodd together.
Teddy tried again to get the key to Jimmy\'s car.
Know his run from his notes
In the case of a relationship between doode and Natalie, excited Leonard returned to her place and asked for an explanation.
She appeased him and agreed to help him identify the owner of the license
Plate number on the thigh, take him to bed.
After Natalie had a chance to look up the license number the next morning, they agreed to meet for lunch.
Leonard left with the key to the motel, but Teddy was waiting for him.
They went for lunch and Leonard went back to the discount hotel.
Realizing that he had no key, he asked Bert to let him in.
Bert took him to Room 21, not room 304, and Leonard realized he was cheated.
But before Leonard returned to 304, he found his notes about having lunch with Natalie and dashes to see what information she had for him.
After a joke, Natalie gave him the information from the DMV, pointing out that Teddy was the murderer ---
Like Leonard planned.
He went back to the room and called Teddy and asked him to come over right away.
At the front desk, he told Bert to let Teddy know if he showed up, but Teddy got there while they were talking.
Leonard drove Teddy to the place where Jimmy was killed. -
Get the address from Natalie. -
Took him into the building and shot him.
This is the reverse shot we saw at the opening. ------------
At this level, \"souvenir\" is a persuasive work ---
A seemingly simple murder mystery eventually turned this type out.
But what caught the attention of fans was another layer of meaning that Nolan seemed to be working on.
The film always features visual cues. -
Some of these short-lived subconscious margins ---
Everything else in the film was questioned.
First of all, when Leonard tells the conclusion of the story of Sami jankis, we see the peaceful, extended footage of poor Sami in a mental hospital.
A figure walks through the camera. -
Suddenly, at the moment of the screen, we saw Leonard sitting in Sammy\'s chair.
Similarly, when Teddy reprimanded rennade in an abandoned building, we saw pictures of Leonard himself injecting insulin on his wife\'s thigh.
But after a while, we saw that he just pinched the same thigh. -
Memories we have seen before \".
In the last shot of the movie-
Braavura 22/--
When Leonard was walking around in a crazy mental activity, we saw the moment when he and his wife were relaxing in bed ---
The legend of \"I have done it\" tattooed on his breast.
These scenes make people question the background story of the film. -
Everything that happened before the Blacksand-white scenes.
No matter how chaotic the movie\'s chronology is, everything I described in the narrative above is what our viewers really see.
This can be confusing. we have good reason to wonder if anyone is telling the truth, but what we see is what we see.
We have no reason to doubt the accuracy of what happened.
But the story behind is presented to us in the flashback, which is the memory of a person whose brain is damaged.
Leonard told us--
Remember who is one lessthan-Reliable brain
Sources of damage to neural information-
In his form of amnesia, his memories of his previous life are complete.
Even if we accept this, there is no reason to believe that \"complete\" and \"accurate\" are the same thing.
\"This could be the source of some strange, unanswered questions: Leonard has a copy of the police report, but we were told that some pages were missing.
Possible missing pages will include information that Leonard\'s wife did not die in the initial attack.
But who took the pages and why Teddy answered all the questions about Leonard\'s outbreak in scene 22/.
But if what Teddy says Leonard is true, and if Leonard can fully remember his life before the attack, why doesn\'t Leonard remember his wife having diabetes, he flatly says she doesn\'t.
If she didn\'t, Teddy wouldn\'t tell the truth.
What is the theme of the Sami story, first of all to suggest that Leonard\'s situation may not be as real as Leonard tells it, and the key point is whether Sammy suffered physical brain damage, or whether his pain is psychological to some extent.
Finally, is Nolan taking refuge in the new version of the horror film cliché, \"it\'s all a dream,\" and the confusing last scene is just evidence of Leonard\'s brain synaptic firing errors while sitting in the shelter, what\'s the point of a good movie about memory, if you don\'t leave something, as Leonard himself told Teddy very early on, \"memory is unreliable. . .
Memory is not perfect.
Not even so good. Ask the police;
The witness\'s testimony was unreliable. . .
Memory can change the shape of the room or the color of the car.
This is an explanation, not a record.
Memories can be changed or distorted, and they don\'t matter if you have facts.
\"This is the core of the film.
\"Souvenir\" is a movie about memory. -
The way it defines identity, how it is necessary to determine moral behavior, and how unreliable it is, although it plays a vital role in our experience of the world.
In its own strange way, it is also a tribute to sorrow.
Of course, sadness is an emotion that is largely based on memory.
This is one of the brilliant cut-off themes of \"souvenir\", and the relief from sadness also depends on memory ---
This is one of the main challenges our unfathomable heroes face.
\"How can I heal if I don\'t feel the time,\" Leonard asked . \".
Still, after a few months of reading the script and discussing it, I haven\'t figured out the \"truth\" of what happened before the film was filmed \".
Each explanation seems to violate the obvious \"rules\" of Leonard\'s disability \"---
It\'s not just the rules he explains, but the ones we see in most movies.
The scene of him and his wife on the bed, the tattoo of victory on his breast, cannot be flashed back.
We have seen that he does not have a tattoo, so it is impossible for him to have a tattoo in the past.
How can he remember lying in bed with his living wife, the tattoo is \"John G\"
Raped and killed my wife, \"it must have been a fantasy to see on his chest, and it makes sense in this case.
He thought he had just taken revenge on her.
Or just launched a plan to avenge her).
He is imagining his sense of satisfaction and calm.
Did Sammy kill his wife with insulin or did Leonard kill his wife and transfer the story to Sammy (As Teddy claims.
Asked Leonard to remember one thing that happened after the accident.
Yes, Leonard had a quick memory clip that injected his wife, but then repeated the memories of the earlier version, and he was just pinching her.
Of course, injection memory is just another kind of memory that Teddy suggests to twist.
Except for the chronology after a few hours. -
That\'s what we said in front of the movie. -
Leonard sat in Natalie\'s house and had another short memory of preparing for the injection. (
Looks exactly the same as the previous footage. )
Even if the picture is fake and influenced by what Teddy said, how could Leonard remember it in a few hours and he was eventually sent to a mental hospital and Leonard told us that Sammy would be there in the end
But Teddy told us that Leonard was crazy, and then we saw that Leonard was there himself.
Authorized Website of Jonathan Nolan-
This is obviously part of the official canon. -
There is no ambiguity about Leonard being a man who fled asylum.
Is there an answer I don\'t know?
Christopher Nolan claims one.
On March 15, Scott Timberg wrote in an article in Los Angeles, the New York Times: \"Nolan won\'t say it.
When asked about the ending of the film, he continued to talk about ambiguity and subjectivity, but insisted that he knew the truth of the film ---
Who\'s good, who\'s bad, who can trust, who can\'t--
And sticking to the close view will reveal everything.
\"But I don\'t believe him anymore at this point.
The only way to reconcile everything is to assume that there is a huge inconsistency in the nature of Leonard\'s confusion.
In fact, in real life, this inconsistency is clearly there if you want to believe in Oliver Sachs.
But, without giving us some hints, it seems dirty to build the plot around them.
Still, even if it turns out Nolan cheated like two kids
The \"souvenir\" is still an extraordinary achievement in shaping his story.
Not only did he design a film that challenged the audience, asked the audience to pay attention, and thought that Hollywood would never ask the audience, but he used his ingenuity, questions and feelings about the most basic questions of how we experience reality.
\"Memorial\" is a philosophical tragedy. in addition to being a mystery, it also considers the problems that the creators of \"Pearl Harbor\" have never dreamed. f.
\"Mummy is back \")
Disappointed (\"Pearl Harbor\")
For fans, a classic sleeper can still find space in a market full of bloated luxury cultivated by Gray, which should be exciting --
Gray.
A quick spiritual choiceme-
Okay, think about it: Monday, per-
Screen average for writer/director Christopher Nolan\'s \"Souvenir\"-
Challenging Art
House noir sells for $5 million and is released by a novice dealer after no other company will touch it ---
$2 less than each.
The average screen of the mediocre \"Pearl Harbor\" for $0. 2 billion, its luxurious banner-
The cost of the packaged premiere may be roughly the same as the entire budget of the \"souvenir.
Pearl Harbor plays on more screens and of course makes more money, but every time
The overall enthusiasm of the audience for a movie, the average screen is a good indicator.
Pearl Harbor also dropped rapidly in the fifth week of its release, while memorabilia still hangs there in 15 weeks.
More importantly, one film represents the triumph of writing, directing, and acting, while the other represents money, hype, and. . . and . . . more money.
In a few weeks, there is little chance that \"souvenirs\" may get more in the form of an absolute dollar (Instead of pressingscreen dollars)
Than \"Pearl Harbor\", though full of great power
Bragging about Disney\'s propaganda machine is enough to give you a giggle.
Why \"souvenir\" has been going on for so long in the most competitive season of the year, word of mouth is amazing. After three-
A few months after the film was released, it even entered the top 10
The movie, which grossed a lot last month, has been comfortably below the top 10 since then.
There is no doubt that this is a movie that encourages repeat operations: that is, its puzzles are so interesting that it is so difficult to understand at the first viewing, that if fans want to figure out exactly what is going on, they almost had to go back and watch it for the second time.
\"Souvenirs\" are like \"sixth sense\" and \"usual suspects\" because almost every scene will have a different meaning once you know where the movie is going.
Or it should be \"the place of the movie\", unlike \"sixth sense\" and \"usual suspect \"---
In fact, unlike almost all other famous \"jigsaw puzzles\" in film history ---
It is impossible to solve the mystery of \"souvenir\" by explaining the sentence in a simple declarative way.
Its riddles are entangled in a dazzling array of ways: by an elegant but intelligent person --
Knot structure;
Part of the film by a very unreliable narrator;
A post-modern self
Unlike most examples of form emptiness, this allegation thoroughly emphasizes the film\'s thought-provoking thematic meditation on memory, knowledge, and sadness;
Through some red herring and misleading clues that seem to be intended to distract the audience, or suggest a deeper second-level puzzle at work ---
On the other hand, it may just show that in some ways the director can chew more than he can.
All notices about the film tell us that the story is told in the opposite order.
We heard about Leonard played by Guy Pierce. \"L. A. Confidential\")
, Killed his wife\'s murderer in the first scene of the movie, and then the movie moved backwards from that point, about five-
Minute increments, let\'s see how he tracks the person and starts to end in chronological order of the story.
It turned out to be a substantial over-simplification of the structure of the film ---
Once you watch the movie carefully, it\'s just one of the surprises.
Some people think the film is daunting, and some critics criticize it.
They have the right to make their point, but many negative comments make it clear that critics do not fully understand what Nolan is doing.
However, it is heartening that most critics of the country\'s major newspapers understand that there is a huge idea behind the film, both technically and on the subject.
Nevertheless, given the way the film industry works, critics usually have only one chance to see the film and have to rush to review it before the deadline, so, even many positive reviews cannot begin to paint the depth of the film.
In the online community, however, commentators and fans discuss the structure and significance of \"souvenirs.
I think I will take the time to understand some of its mysteries.
I\'m going to try and peel off some of the layers of the movie with a thorn.
Here is an explanation for those who have seen the film. -
Please be careful if you haven\'t seen it yet, as I will discuss the plot and its implications in detail.
Not everyone wants to go as far as I do. -
Four theatrical performances, three of which have rich notes;
For the fifth viewing on the video tape, there are a lot of back and forth whip whipping to check the difference between the \"repeat\" lens and the slo
Pay attention to speed-
Cut off the subconscious moment;
Read the published script and compare it with the film;
Read the short story \"souvenir of Sen\" written by Nolan\'s brother Jonathan and is considered to be the source of the film;
And travel several times through www. otnemem.
The official website of the film is also the site of Jonathan Nolan.
Most importantly, I thank all the people who posted ideas about \"souvenirs\" at the well field Film Conference-
You know, \"See www for America\'s leading online community. well. com\" --
A group of passionate, controversial, talented, stubborn and articulate fans have opened up some movies for me more than once that I didn\'t get at all. ------------
As I mentioned above, it is actually superficial to assert that \"souvenir\" is a backward story ---
Even misleading.
In fact, Nolan did something more complicated and smarter than that.
Leonard\'s shocking opening credit sequence for killing a corrupt police officer named Teddy (
Joe Pantoliano, a ubiquitous master of vulgar characters, played lafyer in the underworld family this year)
, Is the only scene to look backwards: inside, we saw a picture of Polaroid not being developed, a bullet flew back to the barrel, and Teddy briefly recovered his life after the shot.
This colorful scene is followed by a black one --and-
We saw Leonard in an anonymous motel room and explained his situation in a voice --over.
The next scene, back in color, found Leonard meeting teddy at his motel, then went to an abandoned building, and then we saw Leonard shooting at Teddy again. (
More disturbing this time. )
Then the movie started, black alternateand-
Sequence of white and color.
The main narrative of the story is backward, colorful.
We stumble in increments and encounter \"new\" characters ---Teddy;
Natalie, classic black Moore
Her boyfriend, Jimmy.
A drug dealer named Dodd. -
Each scene takes a step back, putting the previous scene in context is a little better, and provides a lot of shock, jokes and horror on the way forward.
Between the two, we saw Leonard back in his hotel room, black and white, talking on the phone, telling a strange parallel story.
Here\'s what we found when we went: Leonard Shelby (Pearce)
Former insurance investigator.
In his previous life, one night the intruder raped and killed his wife.
He killed one of them, but the other hit his head and ran away.
The injury caused him to suffer from a disease called forward amnesia, which means that he cannot create new long-term memories. term memories.
Leonard remembers everything before the accident because of his old man
The semester memory is still complete;
But his current attention lasted about 15 minutes.
Even less when he feels stressed or distracted)
Under no circumstances can these memories be permanently implanted into his brain.
Because he could not understand the passage of time, his wife\'s death was always fresh to him;
So he was determined with passion to find the rest of the invaders and kill him.
He reminded himself what he was doing with a series of notes, a pocket of Polaroid snapshots and useful information written above (
Very important things)tattoos.
We see that he has found some clues about the identity of the murderer, and each one has been burned to him.
The killer\'s name is John or James, and his last name begins with \"G.
\"He\'s a drug dealer;
Leonard even got the killer\'s license. plate number.
When the movie leans back, we see how and where he collects the puzzle.
At the same time, black-and-
The white scene was arranged in order and he found Leonard on the phone in the hotel room.
In these sequences, Leonard tells a parallel story that shows us the story with a visual \"flashback.
\"Leonard, as an insurance investigator, had a strange case: a man named Sammy Yankee, who had an accident that eventually led to, yes, amnesia
Leonard investigated and ruthlessly denied the man\'s medical claim on the grounds that it was a mental problem, not a physical one.
But Sammy\'s wife can\'t deal with the issue: she doesn\'t quite understand Leonard\'s ruling and thinks it means Sammy is pretending in a sense.
She has diabetes and Sammy\'s job is to give her insulin injections.
So she took advantage of Sammy\'s memory problem and knew that her husband loved her and would not do anything to hurt her, and she asked him to give her three or four insulin injections quickly in a row.
In doing so, when she fell into an irreparable coma, she was satisfied that she had proved to herself that his condition had to be true.
But it is important to remember that this gothic black is mainly transmitted to us by sound.
It\'s over, short black. and-
White scenes arranged in chronological order alternate with more vibrant and confusing main backward story lines, which are told in color.
The first of the movie\'s cosmic jokes is revealed in the final color scene (
Of course, this is the first scene of the colorful story).
We saw Leonard kill Jimmy. we knew he was Natalie\'s boyfriend.
Leonard thinks he killed the man who killed his wife.
But Teddy seems to express something that we just started to understand: Leonard has found the killer who killed his wife: he just doesn\'t remember.
This is one of the delicious ironies of \"souvenir\", and we have seen that Leonard\'s completed revenge murder is different from what Teddy said, but the end result is the same: Let\'s suddenly realize Leonard\'s bloody condition.
Teddy even showed Leonard a picture of Leonard\'s Polaroid, bloody, but very happy, proudly pointing to an empty, tattoo-free place on his chest, as far as we know, he wanted to make a mark on the news that he would avenge his wife\'s death.
Teddy said he took the picture afterwards to prove to Leonard that he had fulfilled the revenge he wanted.
Teddy explained to Leonard that prior to that, he manipulated Leonard to kill Jimmy, and there might be a few other nasty bottom feeders like that.
He said something to the effect of \"giving you something to live \";
Of course, Teddy also has to admit that his own motives have something to do with the $200,000 drug money he has hidden in Jimmy\'s Jaguar trunk.
Leonard was angry and Teddy was apparently upset by his lack of memory, and he hit him hard with some uncomfortable facts: Teddy told Leonard that Leonard\'s wife was not even dead.
She survived the attack.
Leonard himself killed her with an insulin injection.
Sammy jankis\'s business is a fantasy blend of true stories with events in Leonard\'s own marriage that are so terrible and guilty --
Causing Leonard to have to project them onto someone else. -
Poor, unlucky Sammy jankis.
This amazing scene solves part of the movie puzzle at the same time, but creates a new scene in its location.
First of all, we know that Nolan subverts the conventions of black films in which a flawed hero tries to find some degree of justice in an unjust world.
Leonard suddenly became an ordinary man in a potential infinite purgatory, blindly trying to retaliate against the act of revenge, and finding himself manipulated over and over again, those who use the excellent configuration of Avengers for their own purposes. (
Along the way, it was suggested that even Teddy\'s death could be the masterpiece of another manipulator, and some suggested that Natalie might be the perpetrator. )
Nolan lets enjoy this revelation for a minute before we release another cosmic joke.
After Leonard learned this, it was difficult to deal with it.
He knows he doesn\'t remember what Teddy told him.
So he took out his gun and deluded himself into thinking he had never used it.
He burned his bloody and proud photo.
He took out Teddy\'s Polaroid and wrote on it: \"Don\'t believe his lies \";
He copied Teddy\'s license. plate number.
He drove to get his number tattooed on his leg as a clue to help him find the murderer later.
In fact, he turned himself into a time bomb, ready to leave at some point in the future, when he could not fully appreciate it, and he will eventually \"solve\" his wife\'s murder again, and retaliate against Teddy.
In the end, the right of the \"souvenir\" itself, the aggrieved person will get revenge in a corrupt way, which is the only way to achieve justice in a corrupt world. Right Perhaps. ------------
Once you see \"souvenirs\" a few times, you will find the evil plan that Nolan has built.
I think it works like this.
If we give letters to the back-to-back color scenes and numbers of monochrome scenes, then Nolan\'s gift to us is: Credits, 1, V, 2, U, 3, T 4, S, 5, R, 6, Q. .
All the way to 20, C, 21, B, and finally, I\'m going to call a scene of 22/a for the reason I\'m going to explain in a minute.
The most beautiful one here is the black one. and-
The last shot of the film-White scene 22, almost unconsciously caught in color, in an almost dazzling intellectual cycle, became (in real-world order)
Scene A, the first color scene: then as A link to the black forwardand-
White material and color material displayed on the back.
What\'s more neat is that when Nolan shoots like this, few viewers notice switching: Leonard enters the dark building;
After the crucial action, he took a Polaroid.
When he shakes the picture, the color image of Polaroid fades and the color of the whole scene fades.
So if you want to look at the story in chronological order and not in the disconnected way Nolan presents it ---
Oh, would it be fun to do this on DVD! --
You will look black. and-
White scenes in the same order (1 to 21)
The back is black-and-
White/color transition scene (22/A).
Then you have to watch the remaining color scenes in the opposite order, from B to V, complete the credit sequence at the beginning, in this sequence, we saw Teddy meet him in Leonard\'s hands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22/A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H I, j, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V
Read the movie this way, here\'s what\'s really happening
World Chronology.
While things seem confusing when you first watch a movie, Nolan has been very careful to make sure everything in the main part of the movie when reassembling ---
Everyone\'s behavior and motivation-
Very reasonable.
Leonard has been sitting in Room 21 at the discount hotel, checking police files to try to find the murderer who killed his wife.
He is on the phone to explain his situation to someone on the phone.
He tells the story of Sammy jankis.
Then he got paranoid and hung up.
But the man on the phone was very persistent and even stuffed a note under his door.
The motel clerk finally told him that there was a man in the hall and a policeman was waiting for him.
Lunnade breathed a sigh of relief and went out to meet him. It\'s Teddy.
We now understand that this is a routine that Teddy has experienced many times with Leonard before.
Teddy is planning to get Leonard to kill local drug dealer Jimmy Grange.
He gave Leonard the address of an abandoned building where Teddy claimed Jimmy was the murderer Leonard was looking for and he would be there.
Leonard was wearing blue jeans and driving a pickup truck. a few minutes later, Teddy drove away.
Leonard killed Jimmy in the building.
He changed into Jimmy\'s clothes and took the car keys.
Teddy came and poured water on Leonard\'s victory: he told him that you had found the murderer who killed your wife;
You just forgot.
There are no people like Sammy jankis.
Teddy told him frankly that Leonard was a neuropathy.
Teddy wants the $200,000 he knows in Jimmy\'s trunk. The pissed-
Leonard decided to manipulate himself to make Teddy his next suspect;
He wrote himself a note with Teddy\'s license on it.
The license plate number of his wife\'s murderer.
Leonard drove to the nearest tattoo shop and tattooed his number on his thigh.
Teddy followed him and tried to get Jimmy\'s car keys from him. (
He wants the 200 in the trunk. )
Leonard slipped away in Jimmy\'s line.
So far, he doesn\'t know when and where the clothes were bought, and where the beautiful car was bought.
But he found a note in Jimmy\'s pocket, assuming it was for him, and he would meet Jimmy\'s girlfriend Natalie (Carrie-Anne Moss).
Natalie saw the car stop and was surprised to find that the driver was not Jimmy.
Leonard walked into the bar.
Natalie heard that someone like Leonard was hanging out nearby.
After testing his disability in an unpleasant way, she persuaded him and took him to her house.
Natalie came back after he watched TV for hours and checked his notes.
She secretly hid all the pens and pencils in the room and then began to insult Leonard and provoke him until he hit her.
When Leonard struggled to figure out how to write herself a note about what had just happened, Natalie walked outside and sat in the car giggling.
A few minutes later, she slammed the door, removed Leonard\'s attention from the track, then went back in, crying about how someone called Dodd beat her.
Moved, Leonard agreed to defend her.
She wrote a Dodd description for him.
He got in the car to chase Dodd, but immediately distracted: Teddy was waiting for him in the car.
Teddy told him not to trust Natalie and advised him to stay somewhere else.
He recommended this discount hotel.
Leonard has now forgotten Dodd\'s business, and more interestingly, he has also forgotten that he has checked in at the discount store in Room 21.
Friendly and greedy front desk clerk Bert was also happy to rent room 304 to him.
Leonard opened a shop at 304 and called an escort service to a prostitute.
He asked her to try again.
The scene began the night he and his wife were attacked.
He put her out and drove to a shabby construction site where he pondered over his marriage and burned some of his wife\'s belongings.
He stayed there all night.
When Jimmy left the construction site in the morning, his car was discovered by Dodd. -
It\'s Jimmy\'s drug dealer.
Want to know about Jimmy--
The money on him-
Dodd gave chase.
Leonard slipped away and went to the motel in Dodd. -
Natalie gave him the address. -
Waiting for Dodd to come.
But he forgot where he was and why, assuming it was his own motel room.
When Dodd appeared, Leonard mistaken him for an intruder, beat him up and threw him into the closet.
He made desperate calls to the only number he could find. -Teddy\'s.
Teddy came over and they sent the package to Dodd together.
Teddy tried again to get the key to Jimmy\'s car.
Know his run from his notes
In the case of a relationship between doode and Natalie, excited Leonard returned to her place and asked for an explanation.
She appeased him and agreed to help him identify the owner of the license
Plate number on the thigh, take him to bed.
After Natalie had a chance to look up the license number the next morning, they agreed to meet for lunch.
Leonard left with the key to the motel, but Teddy was waiting for him.
They went for lunch and Leonard went back to the discount hotel.
Realizing that he had no key, he asked Bert to let him in.
Bert took him to Room 21, not room 304, and Leonard realized he was cheated.
But before Leonard returned to 304, he found his notes about having lunch with Natalie and dashes to see what information she had for him.
After a joke, Natalie gave him the information from the DMV, pointing out that Teddy was the murderer ---
Like Leonard planned.
He went back to the room and called Teddy and asked him to come over right away.
At the front desk, he told Bert to let Teddy know if he showed up, but Teddy got there while they were talking.
Leonard drove Teddy to the place where Jimmy was killed. -
Get the address from Natalie. -
Took him into the building and shot him.
This is the reverse shot we saw at the opening. ------------
At this level, \"souvenir\" is a persuasive work ---
A seemingly simple murder mystery eventually turned this type out.
But what caught the attention of fans was another layer of meaning that Nolan seemed to be working on.
The film always features visual cues. -
Some of these short-lived subconscious margins ---
Everything else in the film was questioned.
First of all, when Leonard tells the conclusion of the story of Sami jankis, we see the peaceful, extended footage of poor Sami in a mental hospital.
A figure walks through the camera. -
Suddenly, at the moment of the screen, we saw Leonard sitting in Sammy\'s chair.
Similarly, when Teddy reprimanded rennade in an abandoned building, we saw pictures of Leonard himself injecting insulin on his wife\'s thigh.
But after a while, we saw that he just pinched the same thigh. -
Memories we have seen before \".
In the last shot of the movie-
Braavura 22/--
When Leonard was walking around in a crazy mental activity, we saw the moment when he and his wife were relaxing in bed ---
The legend of \"I have done it\" tattooed on his breast.
These scenes make people question the background story of the film. -
Everything that happened before the Blacksand-white scenes.
No matter how chaotic the movie\'s chronology is, everything I described in the narrative above is what our viewers really see.
This can be confusing. we have good reason to wonder if anyone is telling the truth, but what we see is what we see.
We have no reason to doubt the accuracy of what happened.
But the story behind is presented to us in the flashback, which is the memory of a person whose brain is damaged.
Leonard told us--
Remember who is one lessthan-Reliable brain
Sources of damage to neural information-
In his form of amnesia, his memories of his previous life are complete.
Even if we accept this, there is no reason to believe that \"complete\" and \"accurate\" are the same thing.
\"This could be the source of some strange, unanswered questions: Leonard has a copy of the police report, but we were told that some pages were missing.
Possible missing pages will include information that Leonard\'s wife did not die in the initial attack.
But who took the pages and why Teddy answered all the questions about Leonard\'s outbreak in scene 22/.
But if what Teddy says Leonard is true, and if Leonard can fully remember his life before the attack, why doesn\'t Leonard remember his wife having diabetes, he flatly says she doesn\'t.
If she didn\'t, Teddy wouldn\'t tell the truth.
What is the theme of the Sami story, first of all to suggest that Leonard\'s situation may not be as real as Leonard tells it, and the key point is whether Sammy suffered physical brain damage, or whether his pain is psychological to some extent.
Finally, is Nolan taking refuge in the new version of the horror film cliché, \"it\'s all a dream,\" and the confusing last scene is just evidence of Leonard\'s brain synaptic firing errors while sitting in the shelter, what\'s the point of a good movie about memory, if you don\'t leave something, as Leonard himself told Teddy very early on, \"memory is unreliable. . .
Memory is not perfect.
Not even so good. Ask the police;
The witness\'s testimony was unreliable. . .
Memory can change the shape of the room or the color of the car.
This is an explanation, not a record.
Memories can be changed or distorted, and they don\'t matter if you have facts.
\"This is the core of the film.
\"Souvenir\" is a movie about memory. -
The way it defines identity, how it is necessary to determine moral behavior, and how unreliable it is, although it plays a vital role in our experience of the world.
In its own strange way, it is also a tribute to sorrow.
Of course, sadness is an emotion that is largely based on memory.
This is one of the brilliant cut-off themes of \"souvenir\", and the relief from sadness also depends on memory ---
This is one of the main challenges our unfathomable heroes face.
\"How can I heal if I don\'t feel the time,\" Leonard asked . \".
Still, after a few months of reading the script and discussing it, I haven\'t figured out the \"truth\" of what happened before the film was filmed \".
Each explanation seems to violate the obvious \"rules\" of Leonard\'s disability \"---
It\'s not just the rules he explains, but the ones we see in most movies.
The scene of him and his wife on the bed, the tattoo of victory on his breast, cannot be flashed back.
We have seen that he does not have a tattoo, so it is impossible for him to have a tattoo in the past.
How can he remember lying in bed with his living wife, the tattoo is \"John G\"
Raped and killed my wife, \"it must have been a fantasy to see on his chest, and it makes sense in this case.
He thought he had just taken revenge on her.
Or just launched a plan to avenge her).
He is imagining his sense of satisfaction and calm.
Did Sammy kill his wife with insulin or did Leonard kill his wife and transfer the story to Sammy (As Teddy claims.
Asked Leonard to remember one thing that happened after the accident.
Yes, Leonard had a quick memory clip that injected his wife, but then repeated the memories of the earlier version, and he was just pinching her.
Of course, injection memory is just another kind of memory that Teddy suggests to twist.
Except for the chronology after a few hours. -
That\'s what we said in front of the movie. -
Leonard sat in Natalie\'s house and had another short memory of preparing for the injection. (
Looks exactly the same as the previous footage. )
Even if the picture is fake and influenced by what Teddy said, how could Leonard remember it in a few hours and he was eventually sent to a mental hospital and Leonard told us that Sammy would be there in the end
But Teddy told us that Leonard was crazy, and then we saw that Leonard was there himself.
Authorized Website of Jonathan Nolan-
This is obviously part of the official canon. -
There is no ambiguity about Leonard being a man who fled asylum.
Is there an answer I don\'t know?
Christopher Nolan claims one.
On March 15, Scott Timberg wrote in an article in Los Angeles, the New York Times: \"Nolan won\'t say it.
When asked about the ending of the film, he continued to talk about ambiguity and subjectivity, but insisted that he knew the truth of the film ---
Who\'s good, who\'s bad, who can trust, who can\'t--
And sticking to the close view will reveal everything.
\"But I don\'t believe him anymore at this point.
The only way to reconcile everything is to assume that there is a huge inconsistency in the nature of Leonard\'s confusion.
In fact, in real life, this inconsistency is clearly there if you want to believe in Oliver Sachs.
But, without giving us some hints, it seems dirty to build the plot around them.
Still, even if it turns out Nolan cheated like two kids
The \"souvenir\" is still an extraordinary achievement in shaping his story.
Not only did he design a film that challenged the audience, asked the audience to pay attention, and thought that Hollywood would never ask the audience, but he used his ingenuity, questions and feelings about the most basic questions of how we experience reality.
\"Memorial\" is a philosophical tragedy. in addition to being a mystery, it also considers the problems that the creators of \"Pearl Harbor\" have never dreamed. f.
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